In the XV century, after the victory of Prince Dmitry Donskoy on Kulikovo Field, the role of Moscow in the process of collecting Russian lands significantly increased. Due to internal contradictions, the gradual disintegration of the Golden Horde begins. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania, formed on the western borders of Moscow Rus, is becoming a formidable rival to the Moscow princes. In 1408, Vasily I and the Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas concluded a treaty and established a border between their states along the Ugra River. Because of the persecution of Orthodoxy, some princes of the western regions begin to serve Moscow. Power in the Golden Horde is seized by Temnik Edigei, who makes a campaign against Moscow. The principality is ruined, but besieged Moscow resisted. Vasily I is forced to pay a huge tribute of 3 thousand rubles. 1410 The Battle of Grunwald took place, in which the combined forces of Poland and Lithuania, supported by Czechs, Hungarians and Smolensk regiments, completely defeated the troops of the Teutonic Order. 1426-1428 Vytautas makes repeated trips to the lands of Pskov and ravages them, but the city itself remains impregnable. 1433 In the Crimea, the Crimean Khanate, independent of the will of the Great Horde, was formed. Haji Giray becomes the ancestor of the ruling Giray dynasty. 1436-Genghisid Ulu-Mukhammed forms the Kazan Khanate on the lands of Volga-Kama Bulgaria. 1445 The troops of Ulu-Mukhammed in the Suzdal region inflict a heavy defeat on the Moscow regiments of Vasily II, who later received the nickname Dark. The prince himself was captured and had to pay a huge ransom for his release. 1446 Conspirators led by Dmitry Shemyakaexploiting the absence of the Grand Duke, capture MOSCOW. SOON, VASILY II HIMSELF IS CAPTURED BY SHEMYAKO, WHO WAS SENT TO UGLICH AND BLINDED. 1448. VASILY II THE DARK, WITH the SUPPORT of BORIS Alexandrovich of Tver and with the help of the Tatar detachments of Kasim Khan who remained loyal to him, recaptures Mo ... Читать далее