Alexander Davidovich Davydov, one of the world's leading orientalists, has passed away. Alexander Davidovich was born on July 27, 1928 in Rostov-on-Don. After graduating from high school, he entered the Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies, where he graduated in 1951 with a degree in Afghanistan and the Pashto language. He began a deep study of the country in geography, geology, and meteorology, as a researcher at the Geography Department of Moscow State University, and since 1956-at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences, working his way up to Doctor of Economics, Professor, head of the Afghanistan sector of the Department of the Near and Middle East of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Having started his scientific activity with studying the natural resources of Afghanistan, already in the 1960s A.D. Davydov wrote a series of works on this topic. Among them are the articles "Towards the study of water resources of Afghanistan for the needs of agriculture", "Development of geological and geographical knowledge in independent Afghanistan". At the same time, he began to study the agriculture of Afghanistan, in particular agrarian relations, which were interpreted at that time by Soviet scientists in different ways. Alexander Davidovich, with his characteristic thoroughness and thoroughness, thoroughly studied these issues, writing a number of books and articles that confirmed the idea expressed by him about the penetration of capitalist relations into the agriculture of Afghanistan. This idea in the 1960s and 1970s was met with many opponents-supporters of the predominance of the conservative, feudal nature of agricultural production in the country. However, in his scientific works, A.D. Davydov was able to show, based on the analysis of a large amount of factual material, Western sources and the results of his own observations, that traditional Afghan society and tribal structures are subject to erosion ... Читать далее