The socialist reconstruction of agriculture in such a vast territory as the Non-Chernozem region, including the use of its land fund in the 1930s, has not yet been sufficiently studied, especially in comparison with such regions as the North Caucasus, Siberia, the Middle Volga region, the Central Chernozem Zone, and others. Recently, the attention of Soviet historians to the peculiarities of collective farm construction and the development of agriculture in the Non-Chernozem region has increased. Collections on the collectivization of agriculture in the areas of this zone 1 were published , containing materials and documents on the socialist transformation of the countryside, on the organizational and economic strengthening of collective farms, and on the development of agricultural production in the 1930s. The introductory articles to these collections also address this problem. Of considerable interest to the researcher are essays on the history of regional party organizations in the Non-Chernozem zone 2 . One of the first attempts at a monographic study of this topic was made by A. K. Shustov3 . Against the background of the general picture of the implementation of continuous collectivization in the village of the Upper Volga region, the author identifies the features of this process in the region. V. I. Kulikov dealt with the problem of developing the land fund of the Non-Chernozem region 4 . One of the chapters of his monograph is devoted to Non-Chernozem. The problem of using non-Chernozem lands for grain production has long attracted the attention of the country's most prominent scientists. The founder of the scientific school of agrochemistry, D. N. Pryanishnikov, as early as 1925, in his lecture "Malthus and Russia", recommended expanding the plow area to increase agricultural production, "which is possible in very large sizes for the Non-Chernozem zone of European Russia (and Siberia)" 5 . His article "Reserve billion (Chemicalization of agriculture in the ... Читать далее