This article examines the components of the conceptual apparatus and institutional structure of ensuring Israel's national security used in the fight against terrorism. Keywords: national security, security threats, ensuring security, combating terrorism, state institutions, authorized bodies. For Israel, the threat of terrorism has been relevant almost throughout its history. Since the proclamation of the state in 1948, Israeli counterterrorism activities have been carried out within the framework of ensuring national security, which the Israeli researcher K. Michal defines as guaranteeing the existence of the Jewish nation [Michal, 2010, p.110]. The correctness and expediency of considering the fight against terrorism under Israeli conditions in the context of such a large-scale task as ensuring national security can be evidenced by the point of view of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, according to which at present "international terrorism can no longer be considered as a tactical threat that does not have real global consequences" [Netanyahu, 2002, p. 13]. Since counter-terrorism activities are an integral part of ensuring national security, the conceptual framework related to the fight against terrorism is part of the system of concepts used in the doctrinal provisions of ensuring national security. Threats to the State may have an internal or external source. This led to the formation of two concepts in Israeli political practice - " current security "and" basic security". In fact, they reflect the directions of the Jewish state's activities to ensure national security. Its counterterrorism content is constantly changing under the influence of processes taking place in the external environment of Israel, which is reflected in the adjustment of the relevant concepts. The goals of current security activities are to maintain the usual safe way of life throughout the country, protect borders, and prevent subversive activities on a local scale, which may r ... Read more