S. G. LUZYANIN, Doctor of Historical Sciences Institute of the Far East of the Russian Academy of Sciences APEC Key words: 2012, basic principles of the Forum, APEC priorities and objectives. APEC's energy and transport dimension. positions and role of leading countries participating in the Forum The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Summit, which ended on September 9, 2012, on the island of Russian (Vladivostok) confirmed the basic principles and priorities of the Forum - development of regional integration, economic liberalization, reduction of trade and customs tariffs, etc. They were a red thread running through most of the speeches of state leaders. Russian President Vladimir Putin, linking the traditional Bogor principles of APEC with the ongoing processes of adaptation to the WTO regime in Russia, noted the importance of dialogue between major integration structures. He highlighted the Eurasian integration vector, the convergence of APEC economies through the Common Economic Space (CES) and the Customs Union (CU) of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus with the European Union as key. The Russian leader thus managed to shift the Forum's attention from the US Pacific Integration plan on strengthening the Trans-Pacific Partnership (Honolulu, 2011) to the advantages of this (Eurasian) integration route, using trade and transport routes, the common customs space of the three countries (Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus), as well as the opportunities of the Trans-Siberian Railway, BAM and Northern Sea Route. sea route. A BIT OF HISTORY In 1965, Japanese economist Kiyoshi Kojima proposed the creation of a Pacific Free Trade Zone with the participation of industrialized and growing countries in the region. In August 1967, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was formed as part of Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines (currently it includes 10 States). ASEAN became the first integration group. In those years, ASEAN was mainly engaged in politic ... Читать далее