Вступ. article and commentary by A. A. GANICH and J. Ya. RAKHAEVA. co starokabard. yaz. B. Ch. BIZHOEVA Keywords: M. Shardanov, P. K. Uslar, K. Atazhukin, Islamic dogmatics, Kabardian enlightenment, Muslim enlightenment, education system, Kabardian alphabet, Kabardian language. This article is the first annotated translation of the Rules of the Muslim Faith, a collection of religious and ritual prescriptions translated from Arabic into Kabardian by Magomed Shardanov. We do not set ourselves the task of a comprehensive Islamic studies analysis of the source text itself, focusing readers ' attention on the historical conditions that determined its origin and fate. The expansion of the borders of the Russian Empire to the south and the gradual incorporation of territories with a predominant Muslim population into its composition from the end of the XVIII century led to a number of government measures aimed at organizing civil administration in the new provinces. The culmination in a series of transformations was the large-scale reforms of the 60s-70s of the XIX century, accompanied by a significant transformation of the traditional culture of the peoples inhabiting the empire. An important condition for the successful adaptation of the peoples of the Caucasus to the realities of the post-reform era was the consistent policy of the government of Alexander II (1855-1881) in the field of secular and spiritual enlightenment, one of the elements of which was the reform of the education system. In the Terek region, which included the Kabardian district, the situation was complicated by the need to create a national script for the Caucasian peoples. Moreover, it was necessary to take into account the influence of the Islamic world, which, along with religion, also brought writing in Arabic and Turkic. This difficult task was assigned to Piotr Karlovich Uslar, who had already gained fame for his work in the field of Caucasian linguistics. In the summer of 1862, he received a b ... Читать далее